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ARTICLE SUBMISSION GUIDELINES AND CITATION RULES (CHICAGO STYLE)

Guidelines for Authors – Hemiciclo Journal

Hemiciclo, the journal of the Instituto Superior de la Academia Legislativa (ISAL), adopts the Notes and Bibliography system of the Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition).

I. GENERAL DOCUMENT FORMAT

To ensure an efficient evaluation process, all submitted manuscripts must comply with the following technical specifications:

  • File format: The document must be submitted exclusively in an editable word-processing format (Microsoft Word, .docx, or equivalent open formats).

  • Font and size: Times New Roman, 12-point font must be used for the main text. Footnotes must be in 10-point font.

  • Line spacing and margins: The main text must use 1.5 line spacing (or double spacing) with justified alignment. Footnotes must be single-spaced. Margins must be 2.5 cm on all sides.

  • Pagination: All pages must be numbered consecutively in the lower-right corner.

II. ARTICLE STRUCTURE AND COMPONENTS

All manuscripts submitted to the journal must follow the mandatory structure below:

  1. Title: It must be clear, concise, and direct (maximum 15 words), presented in the original language of the article together with its corresponding English translation.

  2. Resumen and Abstract: A summary of the research (between 150 and 250 words) presenting the objectives, methodology, main results, and conclusions of the study. It must be provided in Spanish, Portuguese, and English. The journal also accepts abstracts in Guaraní, as it is an official language of the Republic of Paraguay.

  3. Palabras clave and Keywords: Between 3 and 5 terms identifying the main topics of the article, separated by semicolons. Standardized terms from controlled thesauri (such as the UNESCO Thesaurus or legal thesauri) are required. They must be provided in Spanish and English.

  4. Body of the manuscript: Usually structured into Introduction, Methodology, Development (divided into numbered subheadings if necessary), Conclusions, and a final Bibliography section.

  5. Length: The main text of the article must not exceed 4,000 words, excluding the title and abstract and their respective translations.

III. CHICAGO CITATION SYSTEM (NOTES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY)

3.1. Footnote Structure (First Citation vs. Shortened Citation)

  • First citation (Full note): The first time a work is cited in the text, full bibliographic information must be provided.

  • Subsequent citations (Shortened note): If the same work is cited again later in the article, the note should be shortened to include only the author's surname, a shortened title of the work, and the page number.
    (Note: The traditional use of “Ibid.” is considered optional in the 17th edition of Chicago, with shortened citations preferred in order to avoid confusion in digital publications.)

IV. EXAMPLES OF CITATIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC ENTRIES

The following are exact models for preparing footnotes and bibliographic entries according to the type of source document:

1. Books by a Single Author

  • Footnote (Full):

  1. Antonio Salum Flecha, Derecho Parlamentario Paraguayo (Asunción: Intercontinental Editora, 2015), 145.

  • Footnote (Shortened):

  1. Salum Flecha, Derecho Parlamentario, 150.

  • Final Bibliography:
    Salum Flecha, Antonio. Derecho Parlamentario Paraguayo. Asunción: Intercontinental Editora, 2015.

2. Book Chapter or Contribution to an Edited Volume

  • Footnote (Full):

  1. Line Bareiro, “La evolución del voto de las mujeres en el Paraguay,” in Historia Político-Electoral del Paraguay, ed. Hugo Balmaceda (Asunción: Centro de Estudios Políticos, 2018), 78–79.

  • Footnote (Shortened):

  1. Bareiro, “La evolución del voto,” 82.

  • Final Bibliography:
    Bareiro, Line. “La evolución del voto de las mujeres en el Paraguay.” In Historia Político-Electoral del Paraguay, edited by Hugo Balmaceda, 70–95. Asunción: Centro de Estudios Políticos, 2018.

3. Articles in Academic Journals (with DOI or URL)

  • Footnote (Full):

  1. Sofía López and Carlos Benítez, “Técnica legislativa y calidad de las leyes en el Congreso paraguayo,” Revista de Ciencias Jurídicas 12, no. 3 (2023): 45, https://doi.org/10.5555/rcj.v12i3.456.

  • Footnote (Shortened):

  1. López and Benítez, “Técnica legislativa,” 48.

  • Final Bibliography:
    López, Sofía, and Carlos Benítez. “Técnica legislativa y calidad de las leyes en el Congreso paraguayo.” Revista de Ciencias Jurídicas 12, no. 3 (2023): 40–58. https://doi.org/10.5555/rcj.v12i3.456.

4. Legal Documents, Laws, and Decrees (Essential for Hemiciclo)

  • Footnote (Full):

  1. Paraguay, Ley Nº 1328 / De Derecho de Autor y Derechos Conexos (Asunción: Congreso Nacional, 1998), art. 15.

  • Footnote (Shortened):

  1. Paraguay, Ley Nº 1328 / De Derecho de Autor, art. 20.

  • Final Bibliography:
    Paraguay. Congreso Nacional. Ley Nº 1328 / De Derecho de Autor y Derechos Conexos. Asunción, 1998.

V. PRESENTATION OF THE FINAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

The final Bibliography must be placed on a separate page at the end of the manuscript.

  • Alphabetical order: All references must be listed in strict alphabetical order according to the surname of the first author.

  • Hanging indent: Each bibliographic entry must use a 1.27 cm hanging indent beginning on the second line.

  • Latin Alphabet (Roman Script): To ensure indexing in databases such as Web of Science, all citations and bibliographic references must be presented exclusively in Latin-script characters. Cyrillic, Greek, Chinese, and other non-Latin scripts are not accepted and must be transliterated where applicable.